Filing taxes is one of life’s responsibilities that we simply cannot avoid. At some point, we all file taxes on our own. Filing a tax return for the first time can be intimidating. Here is a guide for first-time taxpayers with filing tips and common mistakes to avoid.
Determine if You Need to File
It may have been your first year being employed, but you might not be required to file a tax return. Calculate all gross income you earned this past year, even if the job was nontraditional like gig work or freelancing. Remember gross income is the amount you earned before taxes or deductions were taken out. There are a lot of rules surrounding filing requirements, but in 2024, you must file if you meet one of the following scenarios:
Filing Status
Age at the end of 2023
Must file if gross income is at least:
Single
Under 65
$13,850
Single
65 or Older
$15,700
Head of Household
Under 65
$20,800
Head of Household
65 or Older
$22,650
Married Filing Jointly
Under 65 (Both Spouses)
$27,700
Married Filing Jointly
65 or Older (One Spouse)
$29,200
Married Filing Jointly
65 or Older (Both Spouses)
$30,700
Married Filing Separate
Any Age
$5
Qualified Widow(er)
Under 65
$27,700
Qualified Widow(er)
65 or Older
$29,200
The rules are different if your parents provide financial assistance, either through living expenses, education, or a monthly allowance. If this is the case, your parents might be able to claim you as a dependent. If you can be claimed on someone else’s tax return as a dependent, you still might have to file a tax return of your own. Single dependents must do so if any of the following applied to them in 2023:
Unearned income was more than $1,250
Earned income was more than $13,850
Gross income was more than the larger of:
$1,250, or
Earned income (up to $13,450) plus $400
These same criteria apply to married dependents as well. Furthermore, they have an additional criterion that applies:
Gross income was at least $5, and spouse filed separately and itemized their deductions
Remember, unearned income includes any money earned by doing nothing. Examples include investment income or rental property income. Earned income is the money you earn from work like salaries, tips, and self-employment income.
Decide How to File
The easiest and fastest way to file a tax return is electronically. You can use a tax software to prepare and file a return for you if your tax situation is simple. The IRS offers free tax preparation through IRS Free File, a program ideal for young and first-time filers. There is also online tax preparation software that is free for simple federal tax filings.
Collect All Your Tax Documents
If you’re a first-time filer you might need the following items to file:
Education expense forms, including Form 1098-T, receipts, scholarship records
Social security number
Routing and account numbers for direct deposit
Dependent information (if applicable), including names, date of birth, SSNs, etc.
Find Credits and Deductions
Even first-time filers are eligible for credits and deductions. A tax credit is a dollar-for-dollar reduction of your income. Some credits you may be eligible for are:
American Opportunity Tax Credit
Worth up to $2,500 per student, the AOTC allows you to claim a credit for tuition, fees and course materials. You can use Form 1098-T to determine your credit amount. Your school will either mail this form or make it available to you by January 31 each year. You cannot claim this credit if you are listed as a dependent on another tax return or earn above certain income limits. Just be sure you are eligible for this credit before claiming it. If you wrongly claim it, the IRS can make you pay back the amount you received, plus interest.
Lifetime Learning Credit
This credit is worth up to $2,000 per tax return and is for qualified tuition and related expenses paid for education, excluding course materials. You cannot claim this credit if you are listed as a dependent on another tax return or earn above certain income limits.
Tax Deductions
A tax deduction is a reduction of taxable income to lower your tax bill. You can claim the standard deduction of $13,850 for single filers in tax year 2023, as it will likely result in a lower tax bill than if you were to itemize deductions. Additionally, you can deduct student loan interest payments you make even if you do not itemize deductions. If you use your car for business purposes, you can deduct your mileage. The 2023 standard mileage rate is 65.5 cents per mile.
File By the Deadline
Now that you’re ready to file, you should be sure to submit your return by the tax deadline. In 2024, the deadline is April 15th. If you are getting a refund, you can have it sent by paper check or direct deposit. Direct deposit is the fastest way to receive your federal refund and you can track its status on the IRS website. You can also track your state refund online.
Tax Help for First-Time Taxpayers
First-time filers should note that filling your tax return by the tax deadline is critical. If you prepare your return and find that you owe taxes, don’t panic. You will need to pay your tax bill by the April deadline or request an extension to file. If approved, you have until October 16, 2024. Do not ignore your tax bill as this can lead to greater financial stress later. You should also figure out why you owe so you can avoid this problem again next tax season. Common reasons for owing are not withholding enough taxes during the year or not making quarterly estimated payments if you do not withhold any taxes from your income. When in doubt, ask for help. Affordable Tax Relief is the nation’s leading tax resolution firm with over $1 billion in resolved tax liabilities.
Today, Phil discusses his top 5 tax tips for 2024.
Tax Tip #5: Gather Your Tax Documents Early
Most tax forms, including your W-2s and most 1099s, should be sent to you by January 31. However, there are some tax documents that come in a bit later. For example, 1099-B and 1099-MISC are due to recipients by February 15. 1095 health coverage forms are due by March 1. Be sure to wait for all your documents to arrive before filing your tax return.
Tax Tip #4: Don’t Forget About Estimated Tax Payments
If you are a small business owner, investor, landlord, or any taxpayer who receives income outside your normal job, you might need to pay estimated quarterly taxes. The 2024 quarterly tax payment deadlines are April 15, June 15, September 15, and January 15, 2025. Knowing these deadlines can help avoid tax penalties. You can use Form 1040-ES to calculate your estimated tax for the year.
Tax Tip #3: Don’t Wait on Your Tax Refund
In general, it takes about 21 days to receive your tax refund. However, some returns may take more time to review than others. That said, it’s best to not rely on your tax refund to make a big purchase or cover large expenses. You can use the online Where’s My Refund tool on the IRS’s website to track your refund status within 24 hours after e-filing and within 4 weeks of mailing a paper return.
Tax Tip #2: Report 1099-K Income – Even If You Don’t Receive the Form
If you receive payments on Venmo, PayPal, Etsy, eBay, or other third-party sites for your business, you probably know what a 1099-K is. The 1099-K reporting thresholds have changed quite a bit in the last couple of years, making the topic confusing for many small businesses. In short, if you receive income from these third-party payment networks, you must report it on your tax return, even if you do not receive a 1099-K form. This income is still considered taxable income, which means not reporting it can result in taxes owed to the IRS.
Tax Tip #1: Create an IRS Online Account
The IRS Online Account allows taxpayers to access various services and information related to their tax obligations. Taxpayers can access their tax return transcripts, make payments, access IRS notices and letters, apply for installment agreements, view payment histories, and more. Put simply, it helps you know where you stand with the IRS.
Join us next Friday as Phil will answer your questions about FinCEN!
If you need help with your taxes in 2024, contact us today for a Free Consultation
Every tax season, many of us are exposed to just how much of our income goes to the government. Many often wonder where tax dollars go. Taxes play a crucial role in sustaining a nation’s infrastructure, services, and public welfare. However, understanding where your tax money go can be a complex and often misunderstood aspect of government finance. In this article, we will explore the allocation of tax dollars, shedding light on the various sectors and services funded by taxpayer contributions.
Social Programs
A significant portion of tax dollars is directed towards social programs aimed at improving the quality of life for citizens. This includes funding for healthcare, education, and social assistance programs. Subsidies for low-income individuals and families, as well as financial aid for students, are vital components of this category. In 2023, 21% of the national budget, or $1.4 trillion, went to Social Security alone. Another $1.5 trillion went to health insurance programs and $477 billion funded veteran and government retiree programs.
National Defense
Ensuring national safety and security is a top priority, and a considerable portion of taxes pays for national defense. This includes funding for the military, intelligence agencies, and defense research. In 2023, an estimated $806 billion was expected to be spent on defense, which equated to 13% of the $6.3 trillion budget. The costs associated with maintaining a robust defense infrastructure, including personnel salaries, equipment, and technological advancements, contribute to this significant expenditure.
Infrastructure Development
Investing in infrastructure is essential for economic growth and the well-being of a society. In short, tax dollars go towards building and maintaining roads, bridges, public transportation, and other critical infrastructure projects. This allocation aims to enhance connectivity, facilitate trade, and improve overall living standards.
Public Safety and Law Enforcement
Maintaining law and order is another key area of government spending. Taxes fund police departments, fire services, emergency response units, and the judicial system. This allocation ensures the safety of citizens and the enforcement of laws that contribute to a stable and secure society.
Debt Servicing
Governments may accumulate debt over time to fund various projects or cover budget shortfalls. A portion of tax dollars is allocated to servicing the national deficit. Managing debt is crucial to maintaining a stable economy and preventing excessive financial burdens on future generations. At this point, the United States’ national deficit is at $34 trillion and our tax dollars help cover the interest payments.
Foreign Aid
Some tax dollars fund foreign aid programs, aiming to address global issues such as poverty, disease, and humanitarian crises. Foreign aid can also support diplomatic efforts and foster international cooperation.
Tax Help for the 2024 Filing Season
Understanding where tax dollars go is essential for citizens to make informed decisions and participate in the democratic process. In fact, by recognizing the diverse areas of government spending, individuals can engage in discussions about fiscal policies and advocate for the allocation of resources that align with their priorities. Transparent communication from governments regarding budgetary decisions is crucial in building trust and ensuring that tax dollars are used efficiently and effectively to benefit society. Affordable Tax Relief is the nation’s leading tax resolution firm with over $1 billion in resolved tax liabilities.
Small businesses are the backbone of any economy, and entrepreneurs often face numerous challenges in managing their finances. One area where small business owners can find relief is through strategic tax planning and taking advantage of available tax deductions. In this article, we will define tax deductions and explore various tax deductions that can help small businesses save money and thrive in a competitive market.
What are Tax Deductions?
Tax deductions are expenses that individuals or businesses can subtract from their taxable income to reduce the amount of income subject to taxation. Deductions lower your overall taxable income, which can result in a lower tax liability. In general, you can deduct business expenses that are considered both ordinary and necessary. Ordinary means that it is a common expense widely accepted in your industry or trade. Necessary means that it is appropriate for your business.
Vehicle Expenses
For small businesses that rely on vehicles for daily operations, there are tax deductions available for vehicle-related expenses. This includes deductions for business mileage, fuel costs, maintenance and repairs, insurance, and even depreciation on the vehicle. Business owners can choose between using two methods. The simpler involves deducting the standard mileage rate of 67 cents per mile. Alternatively, you could calculate the actual expenses incurred, then calculate the percentage of business use of the vehicle to find out how much of those expenses qualify for a deduction. Keeping detailed records of business-related vehicle usage is essential to accurately claim these deductions. Additionally, if the business owns the vehicle, depreciation over its useful life can be deducted as a business expense.
Depreciation of Business Assets
When a small business purchases assets like equipment, machinery, or vehicles, they can benefit from depreciation deductions. This allows businesses to recover the cost of these assets over time, providing a gradual tax benefit for capital investments. In order to use depreciation, the asset must be used in your business or product income. It must be expected to last more than a year and it must be something that becomes worn over time. However, it does exclude property bought and disposed of in the same year, inventory, land, and repair and maintenance expenses that don’t increase the value of your asset.
Section 179 Deduction
Section 179 of the Internal Revenue Code allows small businesses to deduct the full purchase price of qualifying equipment and software in the year it is placed in service, rather than depreciating it over several years. This deduction is particularly valuable for businesses looking to invest in essential equipment. For assets placed in service in 2024, the maximum Section 179 deduction you can take is $1.22 million. Eligible equipment ranges from computers to machinery to livestock to some vehicles.
Bonus Depreciation
Bonus depreciation is an additional incentive for small businesses to recover the cost of qualifying assets faster. This provision allows businesses to deduct a higher percentage of the cost of eligible property in the year it is placed in service. Bonus depreciation is particularly advantageous for businesses that make significant capital investments, as it accelerates the depreciation deduction. Under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, bonus depreciation has been expanded. It now includes both new and used qualified property. However, the percentage you can claim is reducing each year until it reaches 0% in 2027. For the 2024 tax year, you can deduct 60%. This presents an excellent opportunity for small businesses to offset income with substantial deductions, promoting investment and growth.
Home Office Deduction
Many small business owners operate their enterprises from home. The home office deduction allows eligible businesses to deduct a portion of their home-related expenses, such as mortgage interest, property taxes, utilities, and rent. Alternatively, you can deduct $5 per square foot of exclusive business use of your home, for a maximum of 300 square feet or $1,500. To qualify, the home office must be used exclusively for business purposes. For instance, your “office” cannot also be your dining room where you also eat dinner every night.
Insurance Premiums
Small businesses often incur expenses related to insurance coverage, and many of these premiums are deductible as business expenses. Including insurance premiums in your tax planning can contribute to significant savings. Some key types of insurance premiums that may be eligible for deductions include liability insurance, health insurance, business vehicle insurance.
Startup Expenses
Launching a new business involves various initial costs, known as startup expenses. You can deduct up to $5,000 in startup expenses incurred in the most recent tax year. These costs typically include legal fees, adverting, travel, and training.
Taxes
Small businesses are subject to various taxes, and understanding which taxes are deductible can significantly impact their overall tax liability. Business owners can deduct business property taxes, real estate taxes, and sales and excise taxes.
Legal and Professional Fees
Small businesses often require legal and professional services to navigate complex regulations, contracts, and various business matters. The good news is that the expenses incurred for these services are generally deductible as ordinary and necessary business expenses.
Qualified Business Income Deduction (QBI)
The QBI deduction, introduced by the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, allows eligible small businesses to deduct up to 20% of their qualified business income. This deduction is subject to certain limitations but can be a valuable tax-saving strategy for many small businesses.
Rent Expenses
For small businesses that operate from leased premises, rent expenses are a significant aspect of their financial obligations. Fortunately, rent payments are generally deductible as ordinary and necessary business expenses. This deduction applies to various types of business properties, including office spaces, retail locations, and manufacturing facilities.
Phone and Internet Expenses
In the digital age, phone and internet services are essential for small businesses to stay connected, communicate with clients, and conduct daily operations. Deducting expenses related to phone and internet services can help businesses manage their costs effectively. If you use your phone or internet for personal use also, be sure to only deduct the business-use percentage.
Meals and Travel
Small businesses often engage in activities that involve meals and travel, and these expenses are generally deductible as long as they are business-related. Examples can include attending a weekend conference or meeting a client for lunch and paying the bill. Limitations apply and proper documentation and adherence to tax regulations are essential for claiming these deductions.
Employee Compensation
Small businesses can benefit from tax deductions related to employee compensation, including salaries, wages, and bonuses. It also includes payroll taxes and fringe benefits, like health insurance, sick pay, and vacation pay. Employee compensation refers to money paid to both W-2 employees and independent contractors who receive Form 1099-NEC. It’s crucial for business owners to understand and leverage these deductions to attract and retain talented employees while optimizing their tax position.
Office Supplies
Small businesses often overlook the deduction potential of everyday office supplies, but these expenses can add up over the course of the year. Deducting the cost of office supplies, including paper, printers, computers, and others, can help businesses manage their budget effectively.
Tax Help for Small Businesses
Navigating the complexities of tax deductions can be challenging for small business owners, but understanding and leveraging available deductions can lead to substantial savings. It’s crucial for entrepreneurs to stay informed about changes in tax laws, consult with tax professionals, and maintain accurate records to ensure they maximize their tax deductions while remaining compliant with regulations. By strategically utilizing these deductions, small businesses can not only reduce their tax burden but also reinvest those savings into the growth and success of their enterprises. Affordable Tax Relief is the nation’s leading tax resolution firm with over a decade of experience helping taxpayers with tough tax situations.
It’s a new year and with that may come new financial resolutions. One we hear often is the desire to learn to invest. Trading stocks can be a thrilling venture, providing investors with the opportunity to grow their wealth and achieve financial goals. However, it’s essential to understand that the gains and losses incurred in the stock market can have significant implications on your tax liability. Understanding what’s expected when you file can keep you out of trouble with the IRS. This article aims to shed light on the various ways stock trading affects your taxes and the key considerations to keep in mind.
Capital Gains and Losses
One of the primary tax implications of stock trading revolves around capital gains and losses. When you sell a stock for a profit, it results in a capital gain, and when you sell at a loss, it leads to a capital loss. These gains and losses can be categorized into two types: short-term and long-term.
Short-term Capital Gains Tax
This tax applies to profits from sold assets that were held for a year or less.
These are taxed at your ordinary income tax rate, which can be higher than the rate for long-term gains.
Long-term Capital Gains Tax
The long-term variant of this tax applies to sold assets held for longer than a year. The rates are 0%, 15%, or 20% depending on your filing status and taxable income. It’s important to note that long-term capital gains tax rates are usually lower, so it may work in your best interest to hold that stock for a little longer.
The long-term capital gains tax rates for tax year 2023 are as follows:
Single filers with taxable income up to $44,625: 0% capital gains tax rate
Single filers with taxable income between $44,626 and $492,300: 15% capital gains tax rate
Single filers with taxable income over $492,300: 20% capital gains tax rate
Married couples filing jointly with taxable income up to $89,250: 0% capital gains tax rate
Married couples filing jointly with taxable income between $89,251 and $553,850: 15% capital gains tax rate
Married couples filing jointly with taxable income over $553,850: 20% capital gains tax rate
How Dividends Affect Taxes
There are two types of dividends and they’re usually considered taxable income, qualified and nonqualified. Qualified dividend rates range from 0%, 15%, or 20% (the same rule for long-term capital gains tax). Nonqualified dividends are ordinary dividends that have the same tax rate as your income bracket. Taxpayers in higher brackets typically pay more taxes on dividends. Overall, dividend investments can drastically alter your tax bill.
Wash Sale Rule
The wash sale rule is an important consideration for investors looking to minimize their tax liability. According to this rule, if you sell a stock at a loss and repurchase a substantially identical security within 30 days before or after the sale, the loss may be disallowed for tax purposes. This rule prevents investors from selling a stock to realize a loss for tax purposes and then immediately buying it back.
Day Trading and Business Expenses
For individuals engaged in day trading as a business, expenses related to trading activities may be deductible. This can include costs such as trading platform fees, education expenses, certain types of interest, and home office expenses if trading from home. However, the IRS has specific criteria for qualifying as a trader. For example, the amount of time spent trading, holding periods, and more can help the IRS distinguish between day traders and investors. It’s crucial to meet those criteria to claim these deductions.
Reporting Requirements
Properly reporting your stock trades is essential to avoid potential issues with the IRS. Form 1099-B, provided by your broker, details your capital gains and losses. You may also need Form 8949, Sales and Other Dispositions of Capital Assets. It’s crucial to accurately report this information on your tax return, including any adjustments or additional documentation required for specific situations.
How to Reduce Taxes on Stocks
Long-Term Capital Gains Tax: Ensuring your gains are taxed as long-term can greatly reduce your taxes on stocks. If possible, you should hold onto your assets for a little longer than a year. Long-term capital gains tax rates are often lower when you sell your stocks.
Tax-Loss Harvesting: Offset capital gains by strategically selling investments that have incurred losses. This practice, known as tax-loss harvesting, allows you to use capital losses to offset capital gains, thereby reducing your overall tax liability.
Use Tax-Efficient Investment Vehicles: Certain investment vehicles, such as index funds and exchange-traded funds (ETFs), are known for being tax-efficient. They typically generate fewer capital gains distributions compared to actively managed funds, potentially reducing your tax exposure.
Understand Dividend Taxation: Be aware of the tax implications of dividend income. Qualified dividends are taxed at lower rates than ordinary income. Consider investing in stocks that pay qualified dividends to take advantage of these lower tax rates.
Consult with a Tax Professional: Tax laws are complex and subject to change. Consulting with a qualified tax professional or financial advisor can provide personalized advice based on your specific financial situation and goals.
Tax Help for Stock Traders
While stock trading offers the potential for financial gains, it’s important to be aware of the tax implications associated with these activities. Understanding the rules regarding capital gains, the wash sale rule, dividend taxation, business expenses, and reporting requirements can help investors navigate the complex landscape of stock trading and ensure compliance with tax regulations. Seeking advice from tax professionals or financial advisors is advisable to optimize your tax strategy and make informed decisions in the dynamic world of stock trading. Affordable Tax Relief is the nation’s leading tax resolution firm with over a decade of experience helping taxpayers with tough tax situations.
